Do you know India has about 250,000 coffee growers? Of these, 98% are small coffee bean farmers with limited resources but great potential. Almost 80% of the coffee produced in India is exported, while the rest, 20%, is consumed within the country. So, we are here with a list of most popular Coffee Producing States in India.
If we talk about its origin, coffee cultivation was first introduced in 1670. Moreover, India’s first coffee beans were brought to Chikmagalur of Karnataka in India, first.
Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu are India’s traditional yet top coffee producing states. These states are popular to produce the rich in taste or simply the best coffee in India. However, other than these, there are other top producers of coffee too that have made it to the list of top 10.
Wondering which is the largest coffee producing state of India? Or where is the most coffee production in India? So, here are the top ten coffee producing states in India that top the list of the leading producers.
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Top 10 Largest Coffee Producing States in India
Hence, here are the leading Coffee Producing States that distribute India’s best coffee.
1. Karnataka
Karnataka is the first biggest producer of coffee in India with production volume 2.33 lakh metric tons.
The leading producer of coffee is Karnataka, topping the list of a coffee plantations in India. The state produces India’s 70% coffee. Moreover, in the fiscal year 2022, the state’s total annual coffee production in India was compiled at 2.33 lakh metric tons.
Kodagu district accounts for 44% of the total coffee area in Karnataka. Moreover, its annual production was counted as 1,06,921/ha. Small farmers own this district’s coffee farms.
2. Kerala
Kerala is the second largest producer of coffee in India with 67700 metric tons annual production.
It is India’s second largest coffee producing state. The state is known for growing two main varieties of coffee: Arabica and Robusta. Moreover, the state is accountable for annual production of 67700 metric tons.
3. Tamil Nadu
The state of Tamil Nadu is the third largest producer of coffee in India with 17,875 metric tonnes.
Tamil Nadu is the third largest producer of coffee in India. In the fiscal year 2022, Tamil Nadu produced 17,875 Metric tonnes of Arabica coffee. Moreover, if we talk specifically about districts, Pulneys and Bodi districts produced the maximum Arabica coffee in over 16,000 hectares of the crop area.
4. Andhra Pradesh
The state of Andhra Pardesh is the fourth largest producer of coffee in India with 7,425 metric tons annual production.
Andhra Pradesh has become the fourth leader in coffee cultivation in India. And, the state is famous for its “Araku” coffee. The coffee plants in this state are popular to grow under silver oak trees and jackfruit. The state occupied the fourth position as it produced 7,425 metric tons of coffee.
5. Odisha
Odisha is the fifth largest coffee producer with 550 metric tonnes of annual production.
The state of Odisha is known to be the fifth biggest leader in the cultivation of coffee in India.
Rayagada, Koraput, Phulbani and Keonjhar are the leading regions in Odisha where the highest coffee production occurs. Moreover, Odisha’s coffee production stood at 550 metric tonnes in the current fiscal year.
6. Tripura
Tripura is the sixth largest producer of coffee in India with 12 to 14 metric tons of production.
This state is the sixth largest coffee producer in India. The state is famous for producing famous coffee varieties in India, particularly Arabica and Robusta. The state’s is the Coffee Producing States is somewhere around 12 to 14 metric tons.
7. Nagaland
Nagaland is the seventh largest producer of coffee in India with 9,832 hectares of land.
This state is the seventh largest producer of coffee in India. The state uses about 9,832 hectares of land to grow coffee. Moreover, the state’s area under coffee production is expected to reach 50,000 hectares by 2030.
8. Meghalaya
Meghalaya is the eight largest producer of coffee in India with wide production of robusta and arabica varieties.
This state is the eighth largest producer of coffee in India. Robusta is grown in low altitude areas ranging between 500-1000 metres. Besides this, the Arabica coffee variety is grown at high altitudes between 1000-1500 metres.
9. Manipur
Manipur is the ninth largest coffee producer in India with Coffea Arabica and Coffea canephora.
It is the ninth largest producer of coffee in India. Coffea Arabica and Coffea canephora are the most popular varieties grown in Manipur. As per officials, 240 ha under Arabica and 7 ha under Robusta.
10. Assam
Assam is the tenth largest producer of coffee in India. The state began its first production in Cachar district in 1953.
The state of Assam is known as the tenth largest Coffee Producing States in India. Although Assam has been famous for its tea garden, the state has a huge capacity to grow fresh coffee beans as well. Moreover, Assam’s coffee production started in Cachar district in 1953. Kaziranga National Park is famous for popular varieties of coffee plantations in Assam.
These were the top 10 leading producers of coffee in India. Furthermore, now let’s look at some Government initiatives or schemes that are here to support coffee bean farmers for more sustainable production of the best coffee in India.
Top 3 Largest Producers of Coffee in India – District Wise Production
Here is the last year’s and current year’s total annual production of coffee for the top three leading states — Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu.
(Production in metric tons)
Popular Government Schemes for Growing Coffee Cultivation in India
The Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India launched a Coffee Board in 1942. The purpose was to ensure the widespread production and availability of coffee.
The government has initiated Integrated Coffee Development Project Scheme
(ICDP) to help farmers with their quality coffee production in traditional and non-traditional areas of India. So let’s explore this scheme in detail.
Subsidy Amount Under this Scheme!
Farmers can get subsidies under this scheme between Rs.50000 to 2.75 lakhs. Moreover, the amount can vary according to the requirements of individuals and factors required for cultivation. However, the subsidy will be paid in two instalments:
- First Instalment – It will be 60% to 70% of the planned or sanctioned amount.
- Second Instalment – It will be the remaining 30% to 40% of the planned or sanctioned amount.
What is the aim of this scheme?
The government has entrusted Rs.950 crores in this scheme. However, the broader purpose of this scheme is:
- To enhance the quality and production of coffee seeds.
- Help cultivate improved and high-yielding varieties of coffee.
- Along with this, for helping coffee bean farmers or growers route towards advanced agri-technologies.
- Providing development support to smallholders or farmers invested in coffee cultivation.
- Additionally, To market and promote natively produced coffee in national and international markets.
- To initiate development practices that can help support domestic coffee production and market.
Moreover, now we know what it entails in the government’s ICDP scheme; next, let’s talk about how we can harvest coffee.
How to Harvest Coffee Beans?
After transplanting the seed, by the third year onwards, farmers can expect full fruit/berries of the coffee plant. However, farmers must wait 5 years after the coffee plantation to get the best yield. Furthermore, the best thing about coffee plantations is that they can provide a good yield to generations of farmers up to 50 to 55 years.
Further, there are 4 popular ways through which farmers fulfil the coffee harvesting process.
- Fly picking – Fly picking is small-scale picking. The ideal time to pick ripe berries from a coffee plant is between October to February.
- Main picking – Under this properly, ripe berries/beans that are properly formed are collected during December. Hence, the main harvesting method of coffee beans/berries known for a high yield.
- Stripping – Irrespective of the ripening stage, this method involves picking berries left on the plant.
- Cleanings – Here, the surplus berries/beans that might have been accidentally dropped while procuring final produce are collected.
Conclusion!
These were India’s highest coffee producing states based on their annual production in the fiscal year 2021 and the quality yield they contributed. Furthermore, Karnataka has been the highest producer of the best coffee in India (with 71% total produce) because it has ideal climatic conditions, efficient coffee bean farmers, and other major agri-resources that are vital for effective coffee bean growing process and overall cultivation.
Other than Karnataka, other states have efficient agri-resources and Government-backed help to sustain quality production. Moreover, to sustain that quality, the major contribution is best-farming tractors and farming implements that can help nurture the soil and land for quality yield.
Frequently Asked Questions
Ques. Which state is the largest producer of coffee in India?
Ans. Karnataka produces 71% of India’s total coffee. So, the state’s annual production in the last financial year stood at 2.33 Lakh metric tonnes.
Ques. Which is the best coffee bean variety?
Ans. The best-known variety of coffee beans is Arabica.
Ques. How much is the arabica coffee world supply percentage?
Ans. Over 60% Arabica variety is grown across the globe.
Ques. What climate does coffee grow in?
Ans. Cool to warm tropical climatic conditions are suitable for coffee cultivation.
Ques. How much does a coffee tree produce?
Ans. A single tree, on average, can produce 4,000 beans/year or about 1-2 pounds of coffee.
Ques. How can we harvest COFFEE?
Ans. Coffee can be harvested by either hand or machine. However, there are two ways of harvesting coffee:
- Strip Picked Method – In this method, cherries are completely stripped off the branch either through the hands or the machine.
- Selectively Picked – In this method, ripe cherries are harvested and collected individually through hands.
Ques. Who grows the most coffee in the world?
Ans. Brazil is the top country that produces the most coffee. The country serves almost 40% of the world’s coffee requirement alone.
Ques. Where is coffee grown in the world?
Ans. Top countries that are major players in coffee farming across the globe are Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, Indonesia, Honduras, Ethiopia, Peru, India, Guatemala, and Uganda.
Ques. Which coffee is best in India?
Ans. Arabica is the tastiest coffee variety that has almost 60% production within the country.
Ques. What is the coffee production process?
Ans. The coffee production process involves the following steps:
- Planting
- Cherries harvesting
- Processing of cherries
- Drying the beans
- Milling beans
- Roasting the coffee beans
Ques. How many years for a coffee tree to produce?
Ans. Coffee plants can become fruit/berries within 3-4 years of planting or transplanting seedlings.
Ques. What country produces the most coffee?
Ans. Brazil is the leading producer of coffee beans across the world. The country is the powerhouse of coffee production. Thus, meeting the world’s 40% coffee demand.
Ques. What’s the ideal climate for coffee growing?
Ans. Coffee temperature standards can differ based on the coffee variety you are growing.
Cool to warm tropical climate can be an ideal climate to grow coffee. For Arabica coffee varieties, a cool temperature between 150 to 250 celsius with 70-80% relative humidity is ideal. However, a hot, humid temperature between 200-300 celsius for the robusta variety would be well suited.
Ques. Which is the only state where coffee is grown?
Ans. Karnataka is the leading state in India where most of the coffee is grown. So, the state meets India’s 71% country coffee production needs.
Ques. How much time does it take for farming coffee?
Ans. Generally, coffee fruits and berries are visible within 3-4 years of planting.
Ques. How much does a Coorg coffee estate cost?
Ans. The coffee estate in Coorg costs somewhere between Rs 716 to Rs 8022 per night.
Ques. What are coffee plant growth stages?
Ans. The coffee stages are pre-planting, nursery, planting stage, young coffee plantations, and reproductive stage.
Ques. Where are the origins of coffee?
Ans. Coffee originates from the ancient coffee forests of the Ethiopian plateau.
Ques. Is it difficult for farmers for growing coffee beans?
Ans. Growing coffee varieties is super easy, you just need right amount of light, water, and humidity to ensure the quality produce.
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